{"id":1442,"date":"2012-06-01T15:00:56","date_gmt":"2012-06-01T13:00:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.zdravstvena.info\/preventiva\/?p=1442"},"modified":"2013-03-29T17:37:16","modified_gmt":"2013-03-29T15:37:16","slug":"hrbtenica-pravilna-drza-pravilna-telesna-drza","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.zdravstvena.info\/preventiva\/hrbtenica-pravilna-drza-pravilna-telesna-drza.html","title":{"rendered":"Hrbtenica"},"content":{"rendered":"

N\"Fizioterapija<\/a>a\u0161a hrbtenica ni ravna, oblikovana je v obliki dvojne \u010drke S in spada med najbolj obremenjene strukture v na\u0161em telesu.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

V vratnem in ledvenem delu je ukrivljena navzpred (lordoza), v prsnem in kri\u017enem navzad (kifoza).<\/p>\n

Krivine pri odraslem \u010dloveku delimo na dve primarni krivini (kifozi), ki sta prisotni \u017ee pri otroku in dve sekundarni (lordozi), kompenzatorni, ki jo razvijemo v razvoju z dvigom glave in pokon\u010dnim polo\u017eajem,\u00a0 hrbtenica dobi tako ve\u010djo pro\u017enost in hkrati\u00a0 bla\u017ei sunke pri hoji.<\/p>\n

Normalna ali bolje re\u010deno optimalna dr\u017ea je tista, pri kateri dose\u017eemo ravnovesje telesa v gibanju ali mirovanju ob \u010dim manj\u0161em mi\u0161i\u010dnem naporu in pri katerem so vse nosilne strukture za\u0161\u010ditene pred degenerativnimi spremembami.<\/p>\n

Druga\u010de povedano, ravnote\u017eje imamo vzpostavljeno takrat, ko nam ni potrebno ves \u010das misliti in napenjati mi\u0161ic, da nebi padli ali izgubili ravnote\u017eja.<\/p>\n

Ko govorimo o optimalni dr\u017ei seveda ne mislimo samo stoje ali hoje, tudi pri le\u017eanju ali sedenju potrebujemo optimalno dr\u017eo.<\/p>\n

Optimalna dr\u017ea je pri vsakem posamezniku lahko razli\u010dna, se spreminja z na\u0161imi leti in razpolo\u017eenjem.<\/p>\n

Nepravilnosti v sklepih, vezeh in mi\u0161icah lahko vodijo v slabo dr\u017eo in obratno, slaba dr\u017ea lahko povzro\u010di spremembe na mi\u0161icah, vezeh in sklepih.<\/p>\n

Hrbten\"\"<\/a>ico sestavljajo vretenca, ki se med seboj razlikujejo po obliki in debelosti. Vretenca so proti spodnjemu delu hrbtenice ve\u010dja, medvreten\u010dne plo\u0161\u010dice so debelej\u0161e.<\/p>\n

Posebnih oblik sta tudi prvi dve vretenci, nosa\u010d in okreta\u010d. Hrbtenica ni enako gibljiva v vseh segmentih. Najbolj gibljiva je v vratnem delu, da lahko obra\u010damo glavo v vse smeri in si tako zagotovimo vidno polje.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

V prsnem delu je najmanj gibljiva, saj je tu njena naloga tudi, da skupaj s prsnim ko\u0161em varuje plju\u010da in srce.<\/p>\n

Ledveni del hrbtenice nam omogo\u010da upogibanje in sukanje trupa. <\/p>\n

Pet kri\u017enih vretenc je negibno spojenih med seboj in z medeni\u010dnimi kostmi, tako da se trup, ki ga nosijo noge, ne zamaje ob vsakem koraku.<\/p>\n

Trti\u010dna vretenca sestavljajo pri \u017eivalih rep, pri \u010dloveku pa deloma zapirajo spodnjo medeni\u010dno odprtino in so opora organom v medenici. Skupno sestavlja hrbtenico 32 do 33 vretenc, 7 vratnih, 12 prsnih, 5 ledvenih, 5 kri\u017enih (zra\u0161\u010dena vretenca) in 3 oziroma 4 trti\u010dnih vretenc, prav tako zra\u010denih vretenc.<\/p>\n

V stoje\u010dem polo\u017eaju je nujno potrebno ravnovesje sklepov in sinhrono delovanje mi\u0161i\u010dnih skupin in ostalih mehkotkivnih struktur, saj telo normalno rahlo niha naprej nazaj za cca 4 cm in je nujna aktivacija mi\u0161ic, da ne pademo.<\/p>\n

V stoje\u010dem polo\u017eaju normalno poteka te\u017ei\u0161\u010dnica vedno pred hrbtenico, \u010de gledamo s stani oziroma po sredini telesa \u010de gledamo spredaj.<\/p>\n

Medvreten\u010dne plo\u0161\u010dice se v odraslem obdobju prehranjujejo s pomo\u010djo osmoze, torej prehajanjem hranilnih in odpadnih snovi, \u010de je ta proces moten ( tudi zaradi slabe dr\u017ee) lahko posledi\u010dno sledi degeneracija medvreten\u010dne plo\u0161\u010dice, torej trajne in nepopravljive spremembe na hrustancu.<\/p>\n

Tudi zato je pomembno da se potrudimo in popravljamo lordoti\u010dno oziroma kifoti\u010dno dr\u017eo.<\/p>\n

KIFOTI\u010cNA DR\u017dA<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"Fizioterapija
\n<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

LORDOTI\u010cNA DR\u017dA <\/strong><\/p>\n

\"Fizioterapija<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Pomembno je vedeti tudi da je sedenje za hrbtenico zelo obremenilno, zaradi zmanj\u0161anega gibanja in posledi\u010dno slab\u0161e prehrane medvreten\u010dne plo\u0161\u010dice in pove\u010danih pritiskov na medvreten\u010dne plo\u0161\u010dice.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Prihodnji\u010d pa ve\u010d o vajah za izbolj\u0161anje dr\u017ee.<\/p>\n

Blanka Ko\u0161\u010dak Tivadar dipl. fiziot.
\nIpnf in Cyriax terapevt.<\/p>\n

www.fizioterapija-mediko.si<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Na\u0161a hrbtenica ni ravna, oblikovana je v obliki dvojne \u010drke S in spada med najbolj obremenjene strukture v na\u0161em telesu.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[52,25],"tags":[418,446,114,193,528,65,447,111,77,633,398,258,640,122,19,59,176,141,215,545,142,307,107,128,1315,581,654,194,172,434,433,439,435,298,648,649,89,108,614,498,549,408,192,68,1311,109,600,123,302,121,625,653,548,160,594,634,60,505,502,212,365,551,115,348,120,347,173,154,74,726],"class_list":["post-1442","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-izobrazevanje","category-nasveti-za-zdravo-zivljenje","tag-anatomija","tag-axis","tag-bolecina-v-krizu","tag-bolecina-v-vratu","tag-bolecine-pri-gibanju","tag-boljse-zivljenje","tag-cervicobrachialgija","tag-clovek","tag-daljse-zivljenje","tag-degenerativne-spremembe","tag-fiizoterapija","tag-fitnes","tag-fizioterapevt","tag-fizioterapija","tag-forum-zdravje","tag-gibanje","tag-gibanje-in-rekreacija","tag-gibanje-telovadba","tag-gibljivost","tag-hoditi","tag-hoja","tag-hrbet","tag-hrbtenica","tag-imam-rad-sebe","tag-izobrazevanje","tag-izobrazevanje-misice","tag-izobrazevanje-preventiva","tag-izobrazevanje-zdravje","tag-izobrazevanje-zdravstvo","tag-lumbalgija","tag-lumbalna-lordoza","tag-lumboischialgija","tag-lumboishialgija","tag-manualna-terapija","tag-manualna-terapije","tag-manualne-terapije","tag-masaza","tag-medenica","tag-mehka-tkivo","tag-misica","tag-nagib-medenice","tag-napetost","tag-napetost-v-vratu","tag-nasveti-za-boljse-zivljenje","tag-nasveti-za-zdravo-zivljenje","tag-nepravilna-drza","tag-neravnovesje","tag-nevrofizioterapija","tag-ortopedski","tag-popravite-drzo","tag-preventivni-clanki","tag-preventivno-clanki","tag-ravna-drza","tag-ravnotezje","tag-rehabilitacija","tag-spondylolisteza","tag-sport","tag-sprosceni","tag-sprosceni-polozaji","tag-sprosti","tag-sprostitev","tag-stabilizacija-medenice","tag-statika-telesa","tag-v-gibanju","tag-vaje","tag-zdrav-nacin-zivljenja","tag-zdravje-izobrazevanje","tag-zdravo-ziveti","tag-zdravstvena","tag-zivljenje-0"],"yoast_head":"\nHrbtenica - 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