{"id":2360,"date":"2013-06-17T16:01:12","date_gmt":"2013-06-17T15:01:12","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.zdravstvena.info\/vsznj\/?p=2360"},"modified":"2013-06-17T16:31:44","modified_gmt":"2013-06-17T15:31:44","slug":"metodika-vaja-2013","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.zdravstvena.info\/vsznj\/metodika-vaja-2013\/","title":{"rendered":"Metodika vaja 2013"},"content":{"rendered":"

1. Kaj pomeni zdravje kot koontinum?<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Nevtralno stanje, ne moremo re\u010di da je oseba zdrava, niti bolna<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

2. Ravni zdr. vzgoje, daj primere?<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 primarna: obsega osnovno zdravstveno dejavnost<\/p>\n

–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 sekundarna: obsega specialisti\u010dno ambulanto in specialisti\u010dno bolni\u0161ni\u010dno dejavnost<\/p>\n

–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 terciarna: obsega klinike, in\u0161titute in druge zavode<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

3. Kaj vsebuje promocija zdravja?<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 je celovit pristop k doseganju zdravja<\/p>\n

–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 je poenoten na\u010drt za tiste, ki \u017eelijo spremeniti na\u010din \u017eivljenja<\/p>\n

–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 vklju\u010duje celotno populacijo in je usmerjena v akcije<\/p>\n

–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 je strategija posredovanja med ljudmi in njihovim okoljem\u00a0\u00a0 (?)<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

4. Kaj je koherenca?kaj vsebuje?<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 kot globalni resurs za obvladovanje stresa<\/p>\n

–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 je splo\u0161na \u017eivljenjska naravnanost<\/p>\n

–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 bolj ko \u010dlovek do\u017eivlja koherentnost, bolj gre proti zdravju<\/p>\n

–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 do\u017eivljanje smiselnosti je pomembna komponenta<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

5. Potem je ena skica z krogi, v notranjem krogu je bolezen, zunaj pa zdravje,moras opisat sliko?<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

6. Kako so\u00a0 v starih \u010dasih gledali na zdravje? ( Babilon, Rim, higiena…)<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Babilon: prvi medicinski zapisi so bili odkriti v Egiptu okoli 3000 let p.n.\u0161. prve najzgodnej\u0161e zapise o zdravju je zapisal kralj Hamurabi babilonski pribli\u017eno 2000 ker p.n.\u0161.. ta pisni zapis so imenovali tudi Code of Hamurabi in predstavlja standarde in na\u010dine \u017eivljenja Babiloncev\u2026del zapisa govori o zdravju, v smislu da je zdravje odgovornost skupnosti in posameznika<\/p>\n

–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Rim: ve\u010d poudarka so dajali javnemu zdravju, kot sanitariji, \u010diste ceste, na\u010din gradnje, prezra\u010devanje, ogrevanje. Tu je PZ (promocija zdr.) kot so masa\u017ee, zeli\u0161\u010dne kopeli, bili le dele\u017eni bogatej\u0161i sloji. Zdravje vidijo kot odnos med \u010dlovekom in njegovim okoljem.<\/p>\n

–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Gr\u010dija: apollon-bog zdravja; varovanje zdravja z osebno higieno, telovadbo, diete\u2026; Hipokrat: zdravje je odvisno od ravnovesja med umom, telesom in okoljem, t.i. holisti\u010dni pogled<\/p>\n

–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Egipt: vodovod, kanalizacija<\/p>\n

–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Palestina \u2013 Hebrejci: Mojzesov rokopis- sistem za prepre\u010devanje nastanka bolezni (navodila lo\u010devanje \u010disto, ne\u010disto\u2026) Evropa<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

7. Katere so kroni\u010dne nenalezljive bolezni?in dejaviki tveganja za njihov nastanek?<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 koronarna sr\u010dna bolezen – dej.tveganja: zvi\u0161ana vrednost ma\u0161\u010dob v krvi (holesterol in proste ma\u0161\u010dobne kisline), hipertenzija, sladkorna bolezen, kajenje, \u017ee za 10% prevelika telesna te\u017ea<\/p>\n

–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 mo\u017eganska kap \u2013 dej.tveg.: stres, neredna telesna dejavnost, \u010dezmerno pitje alkohola, kajenje\u2026<\/p>\n

–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0prekomerna prehranjenost in debelost \u2013 dej.tveg.: rde\u010de meso, ocvrta hrana, gazirane in negazirane pija\u010de, \u010dezmerno u\u017eivanje alkoholnih pija\u010d\u2026<\/p>\n

–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 sladkorna bolezen \u2013 dej.tveg.: nepravilen in nezdrav na\u010din prehranjevanja, \u010dezmerno u\u017eivanje alkoholnih pija\u010d, telesna neaktivnost, stres, dednost<\/p>\n

–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 zvi\u0161an krvni tlak \u2013 dej.tveg.: tvegano stresno vedenje, , \u010dezmerno u\u017eivanje alkoholnih pija\u010d, starost, prekomerna telesna te\u017ea, \u010dezmerno u\u017eivanje soli, premajhna telesna dejavnost, dednost<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

8. Faze u\u010denja? <\/em><\/strong>Po Kiger (2004)<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. ugotavljanje u\u010dnih potreb<\/li>\n
  2. planiranje s postavljanjem ciljev<\/li>\n
  3. priprava in izvajanje u\u010dnega na\u010drta<\/li>\n
  4. vrednotenje<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

     <\/p>\n

    9. Poterbe po bradshaw(opi\u0161i)<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

    –\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Normativne potrebe<\/strong>: so ugotovljene potrebe s strani MS, glede na splo\u0161no veljavne normative (biti usklajene)<\/p>\n

    –\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ob\u010dutene potrebe<\/strong>: varovanec jih sam spozna, prepozna in jih ho\u010de zadovoljiti. Te potrebe so odvisne od njegovega znanja, osve\u0161\u010denosti in poznavanja problema. Lahko jih tudi ne izrazi.<\/p>\n

    –\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Izra\u017eene potrebe<\/strong>: so izra\u017eene verbalno ali z dejanji<\/p>\n

    –\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Primerjalne potrebe<\/strong>: specifi\u010dne in so prisotne v neki skupini ljudi, populaciji. Posameznik se jih zave, ko jih opazi pri drugih<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    10. Kako planiramo?postavljamo cilje?<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

    –\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 je priprava sebe, materialov, u\u010dne priprave<\/p>\n

    –\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 je miselno predelovanje in predstavljanje poteka zdravstveno vzgojne interencije in mo\u017enih ovir<\/p>\n

    –\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 je priprava plana B<\/p>\n

    –\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 je natan\u010dna opredelitev ciljev<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    11. Kako pri kadilcu oblikujemo na\u010drt? daj primere ciljev ki jih \u017eelimo dose\u010di? <\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

    <\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

    12. Vrsta u\u010denja?<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

    Po namenu lo\u010dimo: – nenamerno<\/strong> (spontano, nezavedno, naravno.) poteka na na\u010din posnemanja, imitacije<\/p>\n

    –\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 namerno:<\/strong> nastane zaradi potrebe ali interesa. Oseba se u\u010di zavestno, z namenom da nekaj dose\u017ee.<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    <\/strong><\/p>\n

    – spoznavno (kognitivno): <\/strong>spoznavanje in osvajanje novih dejstev, re\u0161evanje problemov, zakonitosti, pravil, kriterijev za presojo pravilnosti znanja, razvijanje intelektualnih in miselnih sposobnosti<\/p>\n

    –\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 psihomotorno: <\/strong>u\u010denje in razvijanje gibov, gibalnega delovanja, razli\u010dnih telesnih funkcij, spretnosti in sposobnosti<\/p>\n

    –\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 afektivno: <\/strong>oblikovanje in sprejemanje stali\u0161\u010d, razvijanje interesov, sodb, osebnostnih lastnosti. Z afektivnim u\u010denjem \u010dlovek razvija svoj odnos do sebe, drugih in sveta (vzgojna aktivnost)<\/p>\n

    –\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 psihomotornoo u\u010denje je povezano s spoznavnim (da bi lahko neko operacijo pravilno motorno izvajali, jo moramo poznati). Z afektivnim u\u010denjem pa ustvarjamo psihi\u010dne pogoje za uspe\u0161no u\u010denje v celoti (dobre delovne navade, interes in motivacijo, bo u\u010dno uspe\u0161nej\u0161i)<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    13. Neposredna oblika pouka?<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

    Frontalni pouk<\/strong>:<\/p>\n

    – izobra\u017eevalni proces izvajamo za ve\u010dje \u0161tevilo u\u010dencev (z vidika financiranja zelo racionalno \u2013 ekonomi\u010dno)<\/p>\n

    –\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 bistvo je, da u\u010ditelj komunicira z vsemi u\u010denci (sku\u0161amo spremljati neverbalno komunikacijo slu\u0161ateljev \u2013 ugotavlja dolgo\u010dasenje, nerazumevanje u\u010dencev\u2026)<\/p>\n

    –\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 u\u010ditelj ima pregled nas vsemi u\u010denci<\/p>\n

    –\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 ote\u017eena individualizacija (nekateri u\u010denci se dolgo\u010dasijo, nekateri pa \u0161e niso dojeli snovi)<\/p>\n

    –\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 u\u010denec kot posameznik ne pride do izraza (malo \u010dasa za u\u010den\u010deva vpra\u0161anja)<\/p>\n

    14. Metode u\u010denja ( primeri)?<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

    –<\/em><\/strong>ustno razlaganje<\/em><\/p>\n

    -demonstracija<\/em><\/p>\n

    -prakti\u010dno delo<\/em><\/p>\n

    -pogovor<\/em><\/p>\n

    -delo z besedilom<\/em><\/p>\n

    -izkustveno u\u010denje<\/em><\/p>\n

    <\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

    15. Vrste komunikacij?<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

    JAVNA \u2013 MNO\u017dI\u010cNA:\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 MEDOSEBNA<\/p>\n

    –\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 veliko udele\u017eencev\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 –\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 malo<\/p>\n

    –\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 uporaba medijev\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 –\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 na\u010deloma brez<\/p>\n

    –\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 velike razdalje\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 –\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 osebna bli\u017eina<\/p>\n

    –\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 nadzor informacij\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 –\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 ni vedno nadzora<\/p>\n

    –\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 odgovornost za informacije\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 –\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 ni vedno odg.<\/p>\n

    –\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 enosmeren pretok inf.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 –\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 dvosmerni<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    <\/p>\n

    16. Razlika med u\u010denjem odraslih in mladostniki?(otroci?)<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

    –\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 razlike med u\u010denjem otrok in odraslih (Knowles)<\/p>\n

    –\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 samopodoba (dobra-slaba), potrebno pozitivno vzdu\u0161je izobra\u017eenca<\/p>\n

    –\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 odrasli imajo bogato zalogo izku\u0161enj, ki jo lahko prenesejo v u\u010dno situacijo- so pomemben vir za novo u\u010denje<\/p>\n

    –\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 odrasli so se bolj pripravljeni u\u010diti<\/p>\n

    –\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 odrasli se u\u010denja lotevajo problemsko, otroci pa so bolj subjektivni<\/p>\n

    –\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 odrasli so bolj notranje kot zunanje motivirani za u\u010denje<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    17. <\/em><\/strong>Kraj Hamurabi babilonski<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

    Prvi medicinski zapisi so bili odkriti v Egiptu okoli 3000 let p.n.\u0161. prve najzgodnej\u0161e zapise o zdravju je zapisal kralj Hamurabi babilonski pribli\u017eno 2000 ker p.n.\u0161.. ta pisni zapis so imenovali tudi Code of Hamurabi in predstavlja standarde in na\u010dine \u017eivljenja Babiloncev\u2026del zapisa govori o zdravju, v smislu da je zdravje odgovornost skupnosti in posameznika<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    18. <\/em><\/strong>Na\u0161tej dejavnike, ki vplivajo na zdravje, in potem \u0161e za opisati biolo\u0161ke dejavnike<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

    Biolo\u0161ki dejavniki:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

    –\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 vsi \u017eivi organizmi\u00a0 ali njihovi deli, ki povzro\u010dajo \u0161kodljive posledice za zdravje<\/p>\n

    –\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 m.o.-virusi, glive, bakterije, \u010dlenono\u017eci \u2013 insekti, klopi<\/p>\n

    –\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 alergeni in toksini<\/p>\n

    –\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 beljakovinski alergeni<\/p>\n

    Kemi\u010dni dejavniki:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

    –\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 organske snovi \u2013 topila, pesticidi<\/p>\n

    –\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 anorganske \u2013 toksi\u010dne kovine, onesna\u017eevalci zraka<\/p>\n

    Fizikalni dejavniki:<\/em><\/strong> so dejavniki okolja in predstavljajo potencialno energijo, ki lahko \u0161kodljivo vpliva na zdravje:<\/p>\n

    –\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 hrup<\/p>\n

    –\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 ionizirajo\u010de ali ne ionizirajo\u010de sevanje<\/p>\n

    –\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 svetlobna energija<\/p>\n

    –\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 toplotna energija<\/p>\n

    –\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 elektri\u010dna energija<\/p>\n

    Biomehani\u010dni dejavniki:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

    –\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 so posledica mehani\u010dne in kineti\u010dne energije, ki deluje na \u010dloveka in povzro\u010di po\u0161kodbe<\/p>\n

    –\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 pojavijo se lahko na delovnem mestu, v prometu, v doma\u010dem okolju, \u0161oli, vrtcu<\/p>\n

    –\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 po\u0161kodbe imajo velik ekonomski vpliv na dru\u017ebo<\/p>\n

    –\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 prizadenejo vse starostne skupine prebivalstva<\/p>\n

    –\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 najvi\u0161ja smrtnost zaradi po\u0161kodb je v starosti 1-4, 15-41 in nad 70 let<\/p>\n

    Ekonomski dejavniki:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

    –\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u017eivljenje in zdravje \u010dloveka je v veliki meri odvisno od materialnih pogojev<\/p>\n

    –\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 dobri materialni pogoji omogo\u010dajo: dobro prehrano, stanovanje, zdravo pitno vodo, dobro organizirano zdravstveno dejavnost<\/p>\n

    –\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 slabi materialni pogoji \u2013 ve\u010d bolezni: ni mo\u017enosti za dobro zdr.varstvo; bolezen in nesposobnost za delo vplivata na ekonomiko skupnosti<\/p>\n

    Socialni dejavniki:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

    –\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u010dlovek je dru\u017ebeno bitje<\/p>\n

    –\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 odnos dru\u017ebe do zdravja definira tudi \u010dlovekov odnos do zdravja<\/p>\n

    –\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 dobri dru\u017ebeni odnosi ugodno vplivajo na zdravje prebivalstva<\/p>\n

    –\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 vojne, nacionalna, rasna, verska nestrpnost negativno vplivajo na zdravje prebivalstva<\/p>\n

    Kulturni dejavniki: <\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

    –\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 socialno okolje v katerem se posameznik rodi vpliva na njegov odnos do zdravja<\/p>\n

    –\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 kljub formalni izobrazbi ne moremo izklju\u010diti nezavestnega u\u010denja<\/p>\n

    –\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 neizobra\u017een \u010dlovek prena\u0161a na svoje potomstvo kulturo, ki jo je prejel od svojih prednikov<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    19. <\/em><\/strong>Razlo\u017ei zdravje kot dobro po\u010dutje (kot welnes)<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

    –\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 welnes je harmoni\u010dno in uravnote\u017eeno stanje optimalnega zdravja<\/p>\n

    –\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 welnes vklju\u010duje: fizi\u010dno aktivnost, dobre medosebne odnose \u2013 interakcijo, \u010dustveno stabilnost, intelektualno rast, spiritualnost \u2013 duhovnost, ki daje \u017eivljenju smisel in pomen<\/p>\n

    –\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 vsak posameznik naj bi poznal lasten optimalen mo\u017een nivo funkcioniranja, ki mu predstavlja stanje dobrega po\u010dutja in zadovoljstva<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    20. <\/em><\/strong>Kaj je salutogeneza, kaj je patogeneza<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

    –\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 aron antonovsky 1979<\/p>\n

    –\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 kako lahko \u010dlovek ostane zdrav kljub mnogim \u0161kodljivim dejavnikom in trpljenju?<\/p>\n

    –\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 kako si opomorejo tako hitro od stresa in bolezni?<\/p>\n

    –\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 kaj je posebnega pri ljudeh da kljub ekstremnim obremenitvam ne zbolijo?<\/p>\n

    –\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Razvil koncept salutogeneze<\/p>\n

    –\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Prispodoba smu\u010danja (koherenca \u2013 sposobnost smu\u010danja)<\/p>\n

    Za patogenezo so pomembne:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

    –\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 travme (nadstimuliranja)<\/p>\n

    –\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 deficiti (podstimuliranja)<\/p>\n

    –\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 motnje (nekonstantna stimuliranja)<\/p>\n

    –\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 konflikti (nasprotna stimuliranja)<\/p>\n

    Za salutogenezo so pomembne:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

    –\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 vzpodbude (multiple pozitivne stimulacije, ki ustrezajo vsakokratnim kapacitetam predelave in obvladovanja)<\/p>\n

    –\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 izzivi (mo\u010dna obvladljiva stimuliranja, npr. pri razvojnih nalogah)<\/p>\n

    –\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 suport (podporna okrepljujo\u010da stimuliranja)<\/p>\n

    –\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 konsolidiranje (uravnote\u017eena pomirjajo\u010da stimuliranja ), predvsem z aktivirajo\u010dim mobiliziranjem in diferencirano pripravo resursov<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    21.Mentalna koherenca\u2026?<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

    -globalni resurs za obvladovanje stresa<\/em><\/p>\n

    -splo\u0161na \u017eivljenska naravnanost<\/em><\/p>\n

    -bolj ko \u010dlovek do\u017eivlja koherentnost bolj gre proti zdravju<\/em><\/p>\n

    -do\u017eivljanje smiselnosti je pomembna komponenta<\/em><\/p>\n

    <\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

    22.Opi\u0161i notranjo organizacijo pouka:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

    – <\/em><\/strong>uvod<\/em><\/p>\n

    -pridobivanje novega znanja<\/em><\/p>\n

    -urjenje in ponavljanje<\/em><\/p>\n

    -preverjanje in vrednotenje<\/em><\/p>\n

    <\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

    23. Opi\u0161i psihofizi\u010dno pripravo na u\u010dno uro:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

    –<\/em><\/strong>koncentracija<\/em><\/p>\n

    -umirjenost<\/em><\/p>\n

    -zunanja urejenost( odnos do dela, odgovornost, odnos do publike, vedenje)<\/em><\/p>\n

    <\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

    24. moral si napisati primere za kognitivne, konativne in psihomotori\u010dne cilje na temo ZDRAVA PREHRANA( NE NAJDEM ODGOVORA)!.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

    25. Na\u0161tej vzgojne metode dela:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

    –<\/em><\/strong>prepri\u010devanje<\/em><\/p>\n

    -spodbujanje<\/em><\/p>\n

    -navajanje<\/em><\/p>\n

    -\u0161tudija primera<\/em><\/p>\n

    -prepre\u010devanje<\/em><\/p>\n

    -igranje vlog<\/em><\/p>\n

    <\/em><\/p>\n

    26.Opi\u0161i zunanjo motivacijo za u\u010denje:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

    –<\/em><\/strong>na zunanjo motivacijo vplivajo:<\/em><\/p>\n

    -nagrade<\/em><\/p>\n

    -socialni pritisk<\/em><\/p>\n

    -kazni<\/em><\/p>\n

    <\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

    27. Katera deklaracija je nastala leta 1978 in zakaj je pomembna<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

    Deklaracija Alma Ata : <\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

    –\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 zdravje je temeljna \u010dlovekova pravica<\/p>\n

    –\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 zagotavljanje najvi\u0161je mo\u017ene ravni zdravja je izredno pomemben javni cilj po vsem svetu<\/p>\n

    –\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 za uresni\u010devanje tega cilja, je potrebno sodelovanje\u00a0 mnogih dru\u017ebenih in ekonomskih sektorjev\u00a0 –\u00a0 ne le zdravstvene ga sektorja.<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    28.Definicija zdravstvene vzgoje \u2013 splo\u0161na<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

    je proces u\u010denja z oblikovanjem pozitivnih stali\u0161\u010d, navad, vedenja in ne le \u0161irjenja znanja o zdravem na\u010dinu \u017eivljenja<\/p>\n

    <\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

    29.Opi\u0161i zdravstveno vzgojo na sekundarni ravni<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

    Obsega specialisti\u010dno ambulanto in specialisti\u010dno bolni\u0161ni\u010dno dejavnost<\/p>\n

    –\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 zdravi rizi\u010dne skupine<\/p>\n

    –\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 samoopazovanje, samopomo\u010d, prepoznavanje zgodnjih znakov bolezni<\/p>\n

    –\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 ogro\u017eene skupine (otroci, nose\u010dnice, delavci)<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    30 .kak\u0161na je vloga vzgojitelja v medicinskem modelu in kak\u0161na v izobra\u017eevalnem modelu<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

    –\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 vloga vzgojitelja: strokovnjak informira, daje nasvete, pripravlja zlo\u017eenke (!)<\/p>\n

    –\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 izhodi\u0161\u010da: navajanje prepri\u010dljivih dejstev, prepre\u010devanja nastanka bolezni; nasveti strokovnjakov so zelo cenjeni, vpliv na vedenje<\/p>\n

    –\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 strategija: ustvariti preprosta sporo\u010dila (letaki, zlo\u017eenke); sporo\u010dilo naj bo razumljivo in zanimivo<\/p>\n

    –\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 na\u010din delovanja: poti informiranja, ki ne zahtevajo veliko denarja; prepri\u010devanje, informiranje, u\u010denje<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    1. Kaj pomeni zdravje kot koontinum? Nevtralno stanje, ne moremo re\u010di da je oseba zdrava, niti bolna   2. Ravni zdr. vzgoje, daj primere? –\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 primarna: obsega osnovno zdravstveno dejavnost –\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 sekundarna: obsega specialisti\u010dno ambulanto in specialisti\u010dno bolni\u0161ni\u010dno dejavnost –\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 terciarna: obsega klinike, in\u0161titute in druge zavode<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":336,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1534],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2360","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-3-letnik-procesna-metodologija-dela-v-zdravstvu-in-zdravstveni-negi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zdravstvena.info\/vsznj\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2360","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zdravstvena.info\/vsznj\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zdravstvena.info\/vsznj\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zdravstvena.info\/vsznj\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/336"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zdravstvena.info\/vsznj\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2360"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.zdravstvena.info\/vsznj\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2360\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zdravstvena.info\/vsznj\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2360"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zdravstvena.info\/vsznj\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2360"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zdravstvena.info\/vsznj\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2360"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}