{"id":601,"date":"2009-02-10T19:34:43","date_gmt":"2009-02-10T18:34:43","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.zdravstvena.info\/vsznj\/?p=601"},"modified":"2010-06-15T14:21:18","modified_gmt":"2010-06-15T13:21:18","slug":"ginekologija-in-porodnistvo-hellp-sindrom-nosecnostna-sladkorna-bolezen-porodnistvo-in-ginekologija-ginek-porodnistvo-porod-roditi-rojstvo-porodnice-porodnica-nosecnica-nosecnice","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.zdravstvena.info\/vsznj\/ginekologija-in-porodnistvo-hellp-sindrom-nosecnostna-sladkorna-bolezen-porodnistvo-in-ginekologija-ginek-porodnistvo-porod-roditi-rojstvo-porodnice-porodnica-nosecnica-nosecnice\/","title":{"rendered":"Ginekologija in porodni\u0161tvo 80 &#8211; 112"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"attachment wp-att-602 alignleft\" src=\"http:\/\/www.zdravstvena.info\/vsznj\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/02\/mati-in-otrok.jpg\" alt=\"mati-in-otrok\" width=\"305\" height=\"203\" \/>EKTOPI\u010cNA NOSE\u010cNOST, KAJ JE TO, RAZDELITEV<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Ektopi\u010dna ali zunajmaterni\u010dna nose\u010dnost je nose\u010dnost pri kateri se plod razvija ali zunaj materni\u010dne votline (v jajcevodu, trebu\u0161ni votlini) ali pa na netipi\u010dnem mestu znotraj nje (materni\u010dni rog, materni\u010dni vrat). Ektopi\u010dne nose\u010dnosti predstavljajo visoko tveganje za maternalno umrljivost, nose\u010dnost pa je razen v redkih izjemah prekinjena.<\/p>\n<p>Ektopi\u010dna nose\u010dnost lahko nastane zaradi mehani\u010dnih ali funkcijskih faktorjev, ki ovirajo prehod oplojenega jaj\u010deca v materni\u010dno votlino.<\/p>\n<p>Ve\u010dina ( do 98%) jih nastane v jajcevodu (&gt;50% v ampuli, 20% na materni\u010dni o\u017eini in 12% na fimbrijah-resi\u010dasti izrastki jajcevoda), ostale pa drugje v trebu\u0161ni votlini.<\/p>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<p>Kot vzrok za nastanek ektopi\u010dne nose\u010dnosti je na prvem mestu kroni\u010dna pelvi\u010dna (medeni\u010dna) vnetna bolezen, ki jo ve\u010dinoma povzro\u010da oku\u017eba z bakterijo Clamydia trachomatis ali Neisserio gonorrheae, od ostalih pa predhodni operativni posegi v medeni\u010dni votlini, kajenje, uporaba znotrajmaterni\u010dnega vlo\u017eka, starost, \u0161tevilo spolnih partnerjev in predhodni splav.<\/p>\n<p><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>3. <\/strong><strong>EKTOPI\u010cNA NOSE\u010cNOST V MATERNICI<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Interticialna del jajcevoda v steni maternice<\/p>\n<p>V cervikalnem kanalu (Cervikalna nose\u010dnost\u00a0 &#8211; nevarna)<\/p>\n<p><strong>4. <\/strong><strong>HIPEREMEZA, KAJ JE TO, ZNAKI: <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>PREKOMERNO BRUHANJE &#8211; HIPEREMEZA<\/p>\n<p>Zgodnji za\u010detek , vztrajna slabost in intenzivno bruhanje (5x dnevno ali ve\u010d)<\/p>\n<p>Znaki:<\/p>\n<p>Huj\u0161anje (5% te\u017ee pred nose\u010dnostjo), nemo\u010d&#8230;<\/p>\n<p>Izsu\u0161enost (Dehidracija), ketoni v urinu in krvi, hipovolemija<\/p>\n<p>Motnje elektrolitskega in acido-baznega ravnote\u017eja<\/p>\n<p><strong>5. <\/strong><strong>HIPERTENZIJA ZARADI NOSE\u010cNOSTI<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Diastoli\u010dni tlak ve\u010dji od 90mmHG, Huda hipertenzija ve\u010d od 110mmHg (dve meritvi)<\/p>\n<p>&#8211;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Hipertenzija brez proteinurije in patolo\u0161kih edemov<\/p>\n<p>&#8211;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Preklampsija<\/p>\n<p>&#8211;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Eklampsja (porodna bo\u017ejast)<\/p>\n<p>&#8211;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Hellp sindrom<\/p>\n<p><strong>6. <\/strong><strong>HELLP TRIJE LABORATORIJSKI ZNAKI: <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Hemoliza<\/p>\n<p>Pove\u010dani jetrni testi<\/p>\n<p>Nizki trombociti<\/p>\n<p>TAKOJ PREKINITI NOSE\u010cNOST!<\/p>\n<p><strong>7. <\/strong><strong>NOSE\u010cNOSTNA SLADKORNA BOLEZEN <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Netoleranca za glukozo, nastala ali prvi\u010d opa\u017eena med nose\u010dnostjo.<\/p>\n<p>Visoko tveganje: Debelost, diabetes pri bli\u017enjih sorodnikih, gestacijski diabetes pri starej\u0161i nose\u010dnosti, glukozurija, presejalni test \u010dimprej.<\/p>\n<p>Majhno tveganje: Brez anamneze, manj kot 25.let, normalna telesna te\u017ea<\/p>\n<p><strong>8. <\/strong><strong>PREPRE\u010cEVANJE IMUNIZACIJE rh-d negativne nose\u010dnice<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>IMUNOGLOBULIN ANTI-D<\/p>\n<p>&#8211;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Pri splavih, ektopi\u010dnih nose\u010dnostih<\/p>\n<p>&#8211;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Pri RhD negativnih nose\u010dnicah v 28. Tednu<\/p>\n<p>&#8211;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Po porodu, \u010de je otrok RhD pozitiven<\/p>\n<p><strong>9. <\/strong><strong>ASIMETRI\u010cNI ZASTOJ RASTI PLODA<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Placentarna insuficienca (EPH-Gestoze, kroni\u010dna ledvi\u010dna bolezen, diabetes mellitus, nepravilnosti maternice, avtoimune bolezni)<\/p>\n<p>Asimetri\u010dni zastoj &#8211; Najprej ope\u0161a prehranjevalna funkcija nato \u0161ele respiratorna.<\/p>\n<p><strong>10. <\/strong><strong>GROZE\u010cI PREZGODNJI POROD, UKREPI<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&#8211;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Po\u010ditek<\/p>\n<p>&#8211;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Kortikosteroidi(dozorevanje plju\u010d) &#8211; deksametazon, betametazon med 24. In 34. Tednom<\/p>\n<p>&#8211;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Zaviranje popadkov (tokoliza)<\/p>\n<p>&#8211;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Transport in utero &#8211; pred 32-34. Tednom &#8211; \u010de ne moremo zaustaviti poroda.<\/p>\n<p><strong>11. <\/strong><strong>NA\u0160TEJ 3 VZROKE ZA KRVAVITEV V DRUGI POLOVICI NOSE\u010cNOSTI<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&#8211;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Spredaj le\u017ee\u010da placenta (placenta praevia)<\/p>\n<p>&#8211;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Prezgodnja lo\u010ditev pravilno le\u017ee\u010de posteljice<\/p>\n<p>&#8211;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Za\u010detni porod<\/p>\n<p>&#8211;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Drugo in neznano&#8230;<\/p>\n<p><strong>12. <\/strong><strong>TRI STOPNJE SPODAJ LE\u017dE\u010cE POSTELJICE<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&#8211;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 POPOLNOMA spredaj le\u017ee\u010da placentna prekriva notranje materni\u010dno ustje popolnoma.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 DELNO spredaj le\u017ee\u010da posteljica prekriva notranje materni\u010dno utje delno.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 ROBNA &#8211; Placentna previja sega do notranjega materni\u010dnega ustja<\/p>\n<p>&#8211;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 NIZKO le\u017ee\u010da placenta &#8211; v spodnjem uterinem segmentu<\/p>\n<p><strong>13. <\/strong><strong>ZNAKI PREZGODNJE LE\u017dE\u010cE LO\u010cITVE PRAVILNO LE\u017dE\u010cE POSTELJICE<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&#8211;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Bole\u010dina v trebuhu<\/p>\n<p>&#8211;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Krvavitve iz no\u017enice (ne vedno)<\/p>\n<p>&#8211;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Trda, ob\u010dutljiva maternica &#8211; hipertonus<\/p>\n<p>&#8211;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Zmanj\u0161ano gibanje ploda<\/p>\n<p>&#8211;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 CTG &#8211; hipertonus, bradikardija ali ni utripov &#8211; potrditev z UZ<\/p>\n<p><strong>14. <\/strong><strong>PRED\u010cASNI RAZPOK MEHURJA, KRVAVITEV<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Pred za\u010detkom poroda po 37. tednu<\/p>\n<p>Verjetno rezultat prezgodnjega odmiranja celic, aktivacije encimov in mehani\u010dnih sil.<\/p>\n<p>Pred 37. tednom = najverjetneje vnetja &#8211; infekcija membran.<\/p>\n<p><strong>15. <\/strong><strong>SLABOST POPADKOV<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&#8211;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Kratki popadki<\/p>\n<p>&#8211;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0160ibki<\/p>\n<p>&#8211;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Dolgi presledki<\/p>\n<p><strong>16. <\/strong><strong>PORODNE PO\u0160KODBE MATERE<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&#8211;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Po\u0161kodbe medenice<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Po\u0161kodbe zunanjega spolovila<\/p>\n<p>&#8211;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Raztrgana maternica<\/p>\n<p>&#8211;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Raztrganina materi\u010dnega vratu<\/p>\n<p>&#8211;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Raztrganine no\u017enice<\/p>\n<p><strong>17. <\/strong><strong>VZROKI ZA RAZTRGANJE MATERNICE MED PORODOM<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>NEPREMAGLJIVA PORODNA OVIRA (Kefalopelvina disproporoca, nepravilne lege in vstave, cervikalna distocija)<\/p>\n<p>SLABA KAKOVOST MATERNICE (Brazgotine po miomektomiji in po drugih operacijah na maternici, po carskem rezu)<\/p>\n<p>NEPRAVILNO VODSTVO PORODA ( Preve\u010d oksitocina, prevelik pritisk na trebuh)<\/p>\n<p><strong>18. <\/strong><strong>PO\u0160KODBE NO\u017dNICE<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Majhne natrganine &#8211; laceracije vedno nepomembne<\/p>\n<p>Raztrganine no\u017enice &#8211; ruptura vagine lahko obse\u017ene krvavitve hitro \u0161ivanje je te\u017eko.<br \/>\n<!-- wp_ad_camp_1 --><br \/>\n<strong>19. <\/strong><strong>RUPTURA PERINEI, STOPNJA, OPIS<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&#8211;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ruptura perinei\u00a0 1,2,3<\/p>\n<p>&#8211;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ruptura malih labijev, klitorisa (krvavi)<\/p>\n<p>&#8211;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Podpludba spolovila (hematom vulve)<\/p>\n<p><strong>20. <\/strong><strong>NEPRAVILNE GLAVI\u010cNE USTAVE<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Temenska, \u010delna, obrazna<\/p>\n<p>Glavica vstopa z ve\u010djim premerom kot pri zatilni vstavi, se obratno rotira, ve\u010dinoma carski rez.<\/p>\n<p><strong>21. <\/strong><strong>MEDENI\u010cNA USTAVA<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>3-4% porodov<\/p>\n<p>Ve\u010d pri: Prezgodnjih porodih, anomalije maternice, zo\u017eena medenica, preve\u010d ali premalo plodovnice, dvoj\u010dki.<\/p>\n<p>Diagnoza: Brcanje spodaj, glavica se tiplje zgoraj, vaginalno mehek del, UZ<\/p>\n<p><strong>22. <\/strong><strong>PROBLEMI PRI DVOJ\u010cKIH<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&#8211;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Prezgodnji porod<\/p>\n<p>&#8211;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ve\u010d zastojev rasti v nose\u010dnosti<\/p>\n<p>&#8211;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Diskordantna rast &#8211; eden bistveno ve\u010dji od drugega<\/p>\n<p>&#8211;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ve\u010d anomalij pri monohorialnih dvoj\u010dkih<\/p>\n<p>&#8211;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Monoaminoti &#8211; zelo ogro\u017eeni<\/p>\n<p><strong>23. <\/strong><strong>NEPRAVILNOSTI POPKOVNICE<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&#8211;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Mrenski izvor popkovnice<\/p>\n<p>&#8211;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Predolga popkovnica<\/p>\n<p>&#8211;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Prekratka popkovnica<\/p>\n<p>&#8211;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Okrog ploda ovita popkovnica<\/p>\n<p>&#8211;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Pravi vozel popkovnice<\/p>\n<p>&#8211;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Spredaj le\u017ee\u010da in zdrknjena popkovnica<\/p>\n<p><strong>24. <\/strong><strong>NEPRAVILNOSTI PLODOVNICE <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&#8211;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Preve\u010d plodovnice ( ve\u010d litrov &#8211; lahko transabdominalna punkcija v nose\u010dnosti)<\/p>\n<p>&#8211;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Premalo plodovnice ( lahko znak pe\u0161anje funkcije placente)<\/p>\n<p>&#8211;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Neprav\u0161nji videz plodovnice<\/p>\n<p>(Zelena &#8211; Plodu se slabo godi)<\/p>\n<p>(Krvava &#8211; Pretrgana \u017eilica)<\/p>\n<p>(Rjavorde\u010da &#8211; Maceriran plod)<\/p>\n<p><strong>25. <\/strong><strong>PODALJ\u0160ANA NOSE\u010cNOST<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>42 tednov = 5% otrok<\/p>\n<p>La\u017ena preno\u0161enost (nepravilno izra\u010dunan termin)<\/p>\n<p>Prava podalj\u0161ana nose\u010dnost (prevesnice, podalj\u0161ane prej\u0161nje nose\u010dnosti, mo\u0161ki plod, genetsko pogojena podalj\u0161ana nose\u010dnost)<\/p>\n<p><strong>26. <\/strong><strong>ZNAKI FETALNEGA DISTRESA: <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&#8211;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Otrok se manj giblje<\/p>\n<p>&#8211;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Kardiotokografija ( ni variabilnosti silentni tip, deceleracije, bradikardija)<\/p>\n<p>&#8211;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Slab biofizikalni profil<\/p>\n<p>&#8211;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Amnioskopija ( manj plodovnice, zelena, krvavkasta, plodovnica)<\/p>\n<p>&#8211;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 pH &#8211; Metrija ( 7.25 in ve\u010d normalno, 7,24 do 7,20 = preacidoza, 7,20 in manj = acidoza, manj kot 6,80 fetalna smrt)<\/p>\n<p><strong>27. <\/strong><strong>NA\u0160TEJ NEPRAVILNOSTI S TRETJE PORODNE DOBE\u00a0 S STRANI POSTELJICE:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&#8211;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Prilepljena placenta<\/p>\n<p>&#8211;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Prira\u0161\u010dena posteljica<\/p>\n<p>&#8211;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Posteljica ni cela<\/p>\n<p><strong>28. <\/strong><strong>KRVAVITVE V TRETJI PORODNI DOBI <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Krvavitev iz placentarne rane<\/p>\n<p>Delno lo\u010dena prilepljena ali prira\u0161\u010dena placenta, defektna placenta, inverzija uterusa.<\/p>\n<p>Ohlapnost maternice(atonija)<\/p>\n<p>Krvavitev iz raztrganin<\/p>\n<p><strong>29. <\/strong><strong>3 NAJPOGOSTEJ\u0160I ZAPLETI PORODNE DOBE<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>2\/3 smrti mater v zvezi z nose\u010dnostjo, krvavitve, poporodna vnetja, poporodna depresija<\/p>\n<p><strong>30. <\/strong><strong>INFEKCIJA V PUERPERIJU<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&#8211;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Infekcije genitalnega trakta<\/p>\n<p>&#8211;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Infekcije rane<\/p>\n<p>&#8211;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Infekcije urinarnega trakta<\/p>\n<p>&#8211;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Mastitis puerperalis<\/p>\n<p><strong>31. <\/strong><strong>POPORODNA DEPRESIJA &#8211; STOPNJE <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Poporodna oto\u017enost &#8211; 48 ur po porodu v 60% porodov<\/p>\n<p>Poporodna depresija &#8211; Traja tedne in mesece v 10% porodov<\/p>\n<p>Psihoti\u010dna depresija &#8211; 1\/1.ooo porodov, nagnjenost k samomoru, halucinacije, gro\u017enja otroku<\/p>\n<p><strong>32. <\/strong><strong>KAJ JE PERINATALNA UMRLJIVOST<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Mrtvorojeni + zgodnje neonatalno umrli\/1ooo rojstev\u00a0 ( Leta 2oo2: 7,7\/1ooo)<\/p>\n<p>Umrljivost dojen\u010dkov: Dojen\u010dki\/1000 \u017eivorojenih<\/p>\n<p><strong>33. <\/strong><strong>PREDNOSTI DOJENJA<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Prehrambene :<\/strong> Ima vse za prvih 6. mesecev \u017eivljenja ( dodajati le vitamin D, \u017eelezo in fluour).<\/p>\n<p><strong>Imunolo\u0161ke:<\/strong> Imunoglobolini\u00a0 ( Zlasti sekretorni imunoglobulin A &#8211; Siga ga dojen\u010dek ne tvori v \u010drevesju) Makrofagi &#8211; prepre\u010devanje \u010drevesnih in respiratornih bolezni<\/p>\n<p><strong>Psiholo\u0161ke:<\/strong> Otrok &#8211; Nadaljevanje intrauterinih dra\u017eljajev ( dotik, bitje srca) ob\u010dutek sprejetoti, osnovno zaupanje.\u00a0 Mati krepi materinsko ljubezen.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>EKTOPI\u010cNA NOSE\u010cNOST, KAJ JE TO, RAZDELITEV Ektopi\u010dna ali zunajmaterni\u010dna nose\u010dnost je nose\u010dnost pri kateri se plod razvija ali zunaj materni\u010dne votline (v jajcevodu, trebu\u0161ni votlini) ali pa na netipi\u010dnem mestu znotraj nje (materni\u010dni rog, materni\u010dni vrat). Ektopi\u010dne nose\u010dnosti predstavljajo visoko tveganje za maternalno umrljivost, nose\u010dnost pa je razen v redkih izjemah prekinjena. Ektopi\u010dna nose\u010dnost lahko &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.zdravstvena.info\/vsznj\/ginekologija-in-porodnistvo-hellp-sindrom-nosecnostna-sladkorna-bolezen-porodnistvo-in-ginekologija-ginek-porodnistvo-porod-roditi-rojstvo-porodnice-porodnica-nosecnica-nosecnice\/\" class=\"more-link\">Preberi ve\u010d o <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Ginekologija in porodni\u0161tvo 80 &#8211; 112<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":336,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[636],"tags":[685,689,678,677,690,684,688,691,687,680,686,681,679,682,683],"class_list":["post-601","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-2letnik-ginekologija-in-porodnistvo","tag-dvojcki","tag-fetalni-distres","tag-ginekologina-in-porodnistvo","tag-krvavitve-v-nosecnosti","tag-krvavitve-v-tretji-porodni-dobi","tag-medenicna-ustava","tag-nosecnost","tag-perinatalna-umrljivost","tag-plodovnica","tag-popadki","tag-popkovnica","tag-porodne-poskodbe-matere","tag-razpok-mehurja","tag-raztrganje-maternice","tag-ruptura-perinei"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zdravstvena.info\/vsznj\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/601","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zdravstvena.info\/vsznj\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zdravstvena.info\/vsznj\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zdravstvena.info\/vsznj\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/336"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zdravstvena.info\/vsznj\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=601"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.zdravstvena.info\/vsznj\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/601\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zdravstvena.info\/vsznj\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=601"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zdravstvena.info\/vsznj\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=601"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zdravstvena.info\/vsznj\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=601"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}