Okvara živčevja, ki nastane zaradi vnetja, ki je posledica delovanja mikroorganizmov (bakterij, virusov, parazitov.)
VNETJE
Lokalizacija: central nervous system: meningitis,encephalitis, myelitis, peripheral nervous system: radiculitis, neuritis
combined involvement: meningoencephalitis, encephalomyelitis, polyradiculoneuritis
Karakter vnetnega odgovora: purulent, aseptic, specific
Klinični potek: acute, subacute, chronic
VIRUSI
Cytomegalovirus, Epstein Barr Virus, Enterovirus, Human simplex herpes virus 6, Hiv, Herpes simples virus type1, type2, JC virus, Rabies.